elections 1403

Departure of Imam Hussein: armed uprising or civil protest?

Ashkouri: The departure of Imam Hussein was an armed uprising.

Dabagh: Imam Hossein's departure against the caliph was a form of civil disobedience

The border between myth and superstition in Ashura narration

Dabbagh: Some may use superstitions and anti-rational words to warm up the meeting.

What did Imam Hossein's command to do good mean?

Ashkouri: The more I research, the more my devotion to Imam Hossein grows

Ashura: A revolutionary or romantic narrative?

Pezeshkian's note in Tehran Times: strengths and unwritten lines

Ashkouri: One of the reasons why Imam Hossein became a role model throughout history is that he did not sell his vote

Pezeshkian attitude to China and Russia

Alizadeh: Pezeshkian's laudatory interpretations of China and Russia are very interesting.

Was the war between Yazid and Imam Hossein a power struggle?

Alizadeh: The elections of the Islamic Republic are a closed circuit that no one can enter from outside

Mena's sermon and the grounds of Imam Hossein's uprising

Ashkouri: The origin of Imam Hussein's famous sermon and its radical view of the Umayyad caliphate goes back to Saqifah.

Is the Tehran Times article a sign of the adjustment of the leader's policies?

Was the government of Imam Hussein a religious government?

Ashkouri: The government of that period can be considered both religious and non-religious.

Masoud Pezeshkian's foreign policy in Tehran Times article

Alizadeh: In this note, neither a change in policy nor a change in tone can be seen.

Alizadeh: I still cannot consider Raisi's death an accident

Is it possible to modify the structure?

Jafarpour: One of the essentials for reforming governance is to amend the constitution

Pezeshkian and interaction with the revolutionary parliament

Is pezeshkian, the system's shock absorber?

Jafarpour: One of the achievements of the 2022 protests was people's attention to the constitution

Leadership and authority above the law

Jafarpour: The president should remove the veil between himself and the people and convey the truth.

Presidential powers: real power or political show?

Jafarpour: The powers that were defined for the president in the draft of the constitution have become more and more limited until today.

Fakuhi: Not participating in the elections is a logical action; But it is not effective

Is Iranian society on the verge of revolution?

Fakuhi: Most sociologists believe that revolution is the worst solution for societies.

Fakuhi: Neither Tehran will become Berlin, nor Iran, North Korea

Fukuhi: Inequality and injustice creates a rebellious situation in the society

Is a fundamental change in the Velayat al-Faqih system possible?

Fakuhi: The political system has this illusion that it can do anything with absolute power.

Fakouhi: Participation in elections is not necessarily the only way for democratic engagement

Fakuhi: It is wrong to expect a lot from the elections

Even if two fundamentalists are candidates, they will perform differently according to their personality and background.

What will the reformers do in case of fraud in the counting of votes?

Alviri: Considering the issues of 2009, it is unlikely that the government will turn to fraud again.

What is the difference between Jalili government and Pezeshkian government?

Nabavi: Mr. Jalili does not believe in revising foreign policy.

Alviri: The government is forced to retreat

Nabavi: Choosing between bad and worse is a decision of reason

Pezeshkian should play with the checkers of the government?

Alviri: Despite all the limitations, one should play the best game to preserve the national resources.

Alviri: Many believe that this vote is a vote between the existence and non-existence of Iran

Pezeshkian and the implementation of leadership orders

kosar: Does Pezeshkian want to collect votes or be liked by the leadership?

Nabavi: No president in the country does anything against the opinion of the leadership

Does banning participation lead to collapse?

Alviri: With the arrival of Ahmadinejad, the work of the system did not go smoothly.

kosar: I didn't expect such non-participation in the first round either

It is Khamenei who determines the main policy by electing the president. If the reformers do not scare people from Jalili, participation will decrease.

Nabavi: Structural reform is formed following the movement towards reform

Can doctors make changes?

Elviri: Our problems are structural and go back to the fundamental flaws of our governance system.

Election Winner: The People or the System?

Nabawi: Participating in the elections is in the interest of Iran and the Iranian people; It may also be in the interest of government.

I used to be a reformer, but now I consider myself a transformist.

We thought the Guardian Council of this period would also close and limit the space. 
Last week, I decided to vote.

What is the difference between Jalili and doctors?

Kausar: All the talks of these two people are selfless;  Because the decisive person is Khamenei.

Kowsar: Reformists and fundamentalists have been complicit in the destruction of our water resources

I cannot expect a change in the environmental management structure. 
We saw how environmental activity became safe. 
Water is the most important political issue in the world.

How do the candidates view the environment?

Kowther: For many of these people, the environment is not a cosmetic issue.

Do debates increase participation?

Kowsar: 60% of non-participation is also a declaration of the regime, and it may not be true.

How will society react to the second round?

Azizi: Opponents of the regime do not have a plan and only react to events

Is there a possibility of fraud in this election?

Selahshuri: The system does not have the risk of repeating the events of 2009.

Azizi: Pezeshkian knew from the very beginning that he could not bring the boycotters to the ballot box

A thoughtful note by Dr. Mustafa Moin, mentioning that he did not participate in the first and second presidential elections, but he introduced Dr. Masoud Pezeshkian as the right candidate

Live coverage / full speech of Mohammad Javad Zarif at the ceremony of renewing the covenant with the ideals of the founder of the Islamic Republic

2024 presidential election

Ahmed Bukharai 2024 July 6, Saturday

Its political maturity is more than 50% who did not vote!

The final announcement of the official results of the presidential election Pezeshkian became the president of Iran

Dr. Massoud is leading by a small margin by announcing the initial count and it seems that if this method of counting does not change drastically, he should be congratulated as the elected president

Seyyed Reza Salehi Amiri, representative of Masoud Pezeshkian's headquarters, on the sidelines of his visit to the country's election headquarters:

No reports have been received that question the integrity of the elections.

The most beautiful and fruitful text that I saw about the reason for participating in the second round of presidential elections is by Siavash Safarian

Images recorded from the moment Zarif and Pezeshkian voted in Qods City

Remarkable Minister of Interior

Mrs. Efat Marashi, the wife of Ayatollah Hashemi Rafsanjani and Fatemeh Hashemi Rafsanjani, cast her vote in Hosseinieh Jamaran

What will be the society's reaction to Jalili's victory?

Selahshuri: Even the fans of Qalibaf are not willing to come to terms with Jalili's thoughts.

Azizi: The situation is so bad that everyone talks about change in the debates

Selahshuri: One of the reasons why people stayed at home in the Mahsa movement was the inefficient opposition

Salahshouri: If activists put in the effort, they can achieve results even within this closed structure

Will those who did not participate change their stance?

.

Misbah Yazdi and the stability front

Akbarnejad: According to Mr. Misbah, Islam was a maximum Islam.

Salahshouri: The 60% lack of participation has boosted the confidence of society

If the name of Saeed Jalili comes out of the fund as the winner of the election, what will the reformers answer to the people?

A conversation with Parvaneh Salahshuri, doctor of sociology and representative of the 10th term of parliament, after a year of silence.

Does low participation lead to policy reform?

Akbarnejad: If the government sees the role of the people as a marginal role, it does not care about non-participation.

The winner of high participation is the system or the people?

Akbarnejad: High participation is only for the benefit of the system.

The effect of non-participation on the legitimacy of the system

Azad Aramaki: The decrease in participation bothers the Islamic Republic internally, but not in expression.

Akbarnejad: How different can the performance of presidents be in a situation where the security perspective prevails?

 For 45 years, we have seen the results of this rail laying.
All governments with different ideas have finally reached a dead end.

Akbarnejad: People have realized that reformists and fundamentalists both play within the system.

I hope people will not participate in the second round of elections.
The people's negative response to the government will gain value when it is repeated in the second round.
No matter if Medekian becomes the president or Jalili, the table between you and me will not get bigger.

The possibility of forming new subversive nuclei in the next government

Azad Aramaki: Mr. Jalili has the potential to create conditions for collapse.

What was the reason for the low participation?

Akbarnejad: If the turnout rate was higher than this, we would have to doubt the health of our nation.

Which way will society go in the second round of elections?

Azad Aramaki: My impression is that we will see the displacement of the population in terms of elections.

Why Did "Jalili" and "Ghalibaf" Not Withdraw in Favor of Each Other?

"Azad Aramaki": Conservatism is currently experiencing a period of decline.

Azad Aramaki: The Islamic Republic is afraid of the continuation of political action

How effective are shaming movements?

Dilchashte: Royalists with clubs are enemies of freedom and human rights.

What is the political structure of society?

Azad Ermaki: The voting base of fundamentalists and reformists is almost the same.

Delhashdeh: Khamenei needs to rebuild social capital

The relationship of this regime with the people is a relationship of oppression.
Despotic regimes make society inferior by "controlling women's bodies".
 

Why did the community not participate?

  Azad Aramaki: Iranian society has passed the political system.

 The election arena could not discuss the basic issues of the society.

 For the first time in Iran's political history, it was announced by government representatives that the political system is ineffective and not legitimate.

If Galilee comes and Trump comes, we will surely face a war.

If the doctors come, we will be in an open conflict with America.

The government of doctors and the legacy of the presidential government

Nemati: Mr. Mezikian has a proper respect for the issues of the country.

 Whoever becomes president will have a different way of being a president.

The decline of the acceptance of the Islamic Republic since the beginning of the revolution

The coup d 'état of 1960 turned the revolution into a counter-revolution. 
The rift between Jamaran Khomeini and Paris Khomeini began with the coup d 'état of 1960. 
Clergy and monarchy are the two cultural and political foundations of autocracy in Iran.

The president's relationship with the succession project

NAMATI: Succession, it has nothing to do with the future president. 
That the leadership went without a crutch and voted is an important issue. 
Whoever becomes president, nothing will happen in the succession process.

Can the president act against the will of the leadership?

NAMATI: In some cases, the issue was contrary to the leadership's opinion and was done.

Possibility of President Interference in Law Enforcement Plans

Luckily, when it comes to writing and legislating, the hands of the executive branch are more open than the other branches.

President or Executive Vice Leader?

Nemati: Candidates know that the president is only the head of the executive branch.

What share of sensitive government posts will reformers have?

Nemati: Not all supporters of doctors become ministers.

Are reformers playing games or are they part of the game?

Nemati: Friends who participated in the elections have accepted participation in the framework of the Islamic Republic system; So there is no game.

Temperance gambling and reforms, the start of the overtime whistle

According to BBC Persian, Masoud Pezeshkian spoke about the nationwide protests of the year 1401 in the election campaign advertisements.

Nemati: I hope Mr. Larijani's disqualification is not for personal reasons

You can't run a country with so many problems with a particular spectrum or group. 
I hope those who do this will think a little more. 
In order to use all the capabilities, the law must be amended.

Lilaz: We see the change of generation as a sign of collapse

We have never had such fair and comprehensive elections in the last 45 years.
I am sure that we will participate between 55 and 60 percent.

Bukharai: All candidates are different from each other; But the difference is not significant

It is not known that Mr. Pezeshkian is better than Mr. Qalibaf
 Mr. Pezeshkian does not have a special relationship with the young generation.

I have a question

This is the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers for the official holding of the presidential election, which I published earlier in Abdi Media, but do you know what I am thinking?

Bukharai: All crises have created a super-crisis that manifests itself in social issues

Lilaz: All our problems can be treated

Repair: The structure cannot be modified. He had to change it.

There are also conflicts of interest within fundamentalists. 
In 1400, we knew that with the unification of government, these contradictions would become apparent.

Laylaz: A very fundamental change in the socio-economic structure of Iran has begun

Certification of doctors is not the beginning of transformation; It is the result of transformation. 
This country must either die or be governed.

Bukharaei: The Islamic Republic System, a Contemporary Ideological Totalitarian

Transformists and reformers overlap in some places. 
The doctors' victory is a prelude to the transformation that must begin.

Have the reformers played?

LILAZ: The nature of the word reformist is a desire for gradual change.

Is it over for reformers and fundamentalists?

Applying the word "elections" to what is being done is incorrect.

Lilaz: There is no doubt that Iran's economic trends are improving

I also think it would have worked better on the subject. 
Our performance in attracting participation is better than Pakistan. 
All we've talked about for the last 60-70 years is that Iran's leaders don't change in time.

Mr. President of the Judiciary and Prosecutor appointed specially for the clergy hello

Your Excellency, pay attention to the complaints of the election candidates and their headquarters and address the electoral violations and crimes

President or Executive Vice President of Leadership?

BAKHARAI: Over the years, we have seen all kinds of comments, interventions, recommendations and inputs from the leadership.

President or Executive Vice President of Leadership?

LILAZ: It's the same everywhere in the world. The difference between doctors and carpets is no less than the difference between Biden and Trump.

Bukharayi: The main goal of certifying doctors was to increase participation

Mr. Physicians had been disqualified in 1400; In the past three years, he has not been aligned with the Islamic Republic! 
In this structure, not much can be done by anyone.

Have the candidates been able to help increase participation?

Lilaz: The turnout in this election may be 15 million more than in 2021.

Abdi: If doctors don't go to pastor, a significant number will have to admit they have failed

Our assumption is that the arrival of doctors will make a meaningful difference. 
In politics, you have to accept the loss.

What can doctors do to stop the current unpopular plans?

Abdi: Unlike the previous officials or his opponents, the doctors are against these plans.

 With the arrival of doctors, censorship will definitely be weakened.

 If someone is against the reform, he can take his preferred method.

Greetings, Mr. Prophets, don't worry too much!

Is hard core flexible power?

Sabbaghpour: In managing a family, it is not possible to act zero and hundred;  What about the leadership of a country of 80 million people!

 The world of politics is the world of revisions.

 Whoever comes will have to solve the problem of energy carriers.

Can doctors solve the problem of iPhone filtering and importing?

Abdi: There is definitely a difference between Azari Jahormi and the next minister.

Sokhon Ribabadi, Deputy of International Affairs of the Judiciary

Mahsa movement and people's anger with the system

SB: Reconciling women with elections will not be easy.

Are the promises of doctors within the scope of the president's authority?

Abdi: There is no rule of law in this country.

What does the radicalism of social forces lead to?

Rahimpour: This situation is the result of the lack of a powerful civil society.

Ayatollah should be congratulated for this careful plan, great and smart policy

Abdi: In the Islamic Republic, if they give you the sound of the news, you should assume that it is a lie

Notable Dr. Masoud and Dr. Saeed

Remarkable headquarters and supporters of the two final presidential candidates

Greetings to each one of you, dear ones

Dear Yusuf, peace be upon you

It wasn’t an interesting justification, and of course, what needed to be clarified was clarified; I wish you hadn’t responded at all.

Hello Dr. Zeidabadi

Today, when I saw this scene, I was really shocked / Because I know Mr. Tajgardon from the 6th parliament when he was the deputy of the program and budget organization

I'm afraid of war

In the complaint of Mr. Abdul Alizadeh, the head of the election staff of Dr. Pezeshkian

Ali Abdollahzadeh: There is no supervision over the open violations of the government and military media, and the law is falling apart in the eyes of public opinion

Karma exists / You just have to be patient a little

Interesting point about both honorable candidates in the debate

In the end, Dr. Massoud expressed the truth that the President, as the head of the Supreme National Security Council, cannot do anything except according to the will of Ayatollah Khamenei

At the end of the debate, respected brothers Saeed and Masoud tried to speed up the atmosphere so that this debate would no longer be considered a political flirtation, but it was very well managed

Until tomorrow's debate

Dr. Saeed and Dr. Masoud

Dear Amir, both Saeed and Massoud do not have the slightest authority regarding these guidance and police patrols and cannot do them

unless they take the matter to the Supreme National Security Council and there the majority of members decide to adjust or remove it.

A video of Masoud Pezeshkian's interview on November 27, 2014, Thursday, which has received a lot of reactions on the internet

If the fans of Dr. Masoud Pezikian don't get upset and don't assume to defend Saeed Jalili, I must say that the Bahar government should not distort history in this case.

Who will the meat of this government's sacrifice reach?

Will the intelligence and security institutions be keyed again with a little hiatus?

Saeed Jalili does not make any deep and concrete efforts to clear the ambiguities and explain the criticisms and even the accusations against him

Greetings to you and all your fans and dear audience

Bijan Zanganeh's tweet

Bijan Zanganeh wrote on his Twitter:

What's really happening in Masoud Pezeshkian's campaign headquarters?

This tweet is edited and reposted from the previous tweet on the official Telegram channel!!

Isn't it strange?

Thought-provoking tweet from Hamid Abutalebi, former political deputy to the President's office

Regarding his understanding of Saeed Jalili.

Mustafa Pourmohammadi's Reaction to the Election Results

Abdi: In the 2001 elections, there was absolutely no issue regarding the conflict between the Guardian Council and the Ministry of Interior

Mr. Hashemi's remarks on this matter hold no credibility. I don't have much faith in Mr. Hashemi's memoirs.

Rahimpour: Sometimes desperation leads to increased participation

Abdi: A system that is pleased with a 70% participation rate must also accept its consequences

Why should the protesting people vote?

Abdi: People should vote for the same reason they protested.

The next government and the legacy of the Raisi administration

The root causes of inflation and ways to control it

Roghani Zanjani: Inflation starts from the budget deficit. The culture of excessive spending in the government and parliament must be eliminated.

What is the reason for the government's renewed trust in reformists?

Roghani Zanjani: Reformism is not just a single group

Will reformers play a role in the government of doctors?

Abdi: Why should the system put Galilean forces in the doctors' cabinet? 

If the system knows that doctors will win, it will accept the consequences.

Do the red lines change with a change in leadership?

Roghani Zanjani: Yes; individuals have an impact on history.

Given the president's powers, are doctors' promises practical?

Abdi: If we look at it from this angle, nothing is in anyone's hands in Iran.

Abdi: For many reasons, this period will not be at all like 88

Regardless of whether there are two rounds or not, doctors will win. 
The non-alliance of Qalibaf and Jalili was rational and to their benefit. 
The lower body members of the fundamentalists are involved with each other.

Who is the preferred presidential candidate?

Zanjani oil: Jalili is a desirable option due to its similarities with the boss.

The behavior of the political structure towards reformers in victory or defeat

In conversation with Abbas Abdi

Let the purification take place; Maybe it's right!

Roghani Zanjani: If there is no trust between the leadership and the president, it is not possible to help the economy.

Zanjani : Cash subsidies are not targeted and inclusive

The most important solution to poverty lies within macroeconomic policies. 
The balance of the budget is a surgery that bleeds.

Zanjani: We definitely need to reform energy prices

Social problems may arise in this reform. 
If the president wants to fix the deficit, he has to pay. 
Our foreign policy overshadows our economic policies.

Roghani Zanjani: In our financial system, the government has two treasuries: the treasury of the government and the treasury of the Leader

The economic legacy of Raisi's government

Roghani Zanjani: I think the reformists have been played

I don't understand how the reformists have decided to participate.

Roghani Zanjani: Candidates overlook parameters like Hezbollah in Lebanon in their foreign policy promises

The leadership told me: "As long as I am here, I will not allow the establishment of relations with the U.S"

What is the reason for the change in the election?

ZINJANI : As far as I was aware, I didn't see a strong argument.

The winner of the election is the hard core of power?

ROGHANI ZANJANI: Good engineering has been done in this election for reformists to come to the scene. 

The real winner of this game is the hard core of power. 
The final message also showed that there was little hope for fundamental change. 
Regardless of whether they win or lose, this game is a loss for them.

Roghani Zanjani: Confirming Zakani's qualification as a politician with this look and behavior is a form of humiliation for the Iranian nation

Helping to restore the legitimacy of the regime through participation in elections

Afshari: The regime consists of figures like Zakani and Qalibaf, not what Pezeshkian wants to portray.

Ghoochani: There are legal overlaps between the Leader and the President in the Constitution

Is there no interest in the opposition?

Ghuchani: This election is a vital renewal for democracy that can be established in our country

Afshari: According to the likes of Zakani and Qalibaf, "the people" are the same minority who support fundamentalists

What share of the power cake will the reformers have?

Afshari: Some reformers are always looking for privileges, rents, jobs and special opportunities.

The role of the future president in the grand project of succession

Quchani: We need stability, not change, to maintain peace in the country.

Saeed Jalili should be known more, if possible

very_important / system and at the top of it Ayatollah the winner of this complex puzzle with completely intelligent executives

Hello, before the elections, I wrote possible scenarios and narrated the higher issues and interpreted it as an apparent phenomenon

On July 5, we'll see if Saeed Jalili or Masoud Pezeshkian will lead the executive branch and form the government

End of the third whistle

We will see the will of #Ayatollah in the form of presidential elections. Be patient

Once the election is validated and the president inaugurated, it remains to be seen if Brigadier General Ahmad Vahidi will be reintroduced as Minister of the Interior

Important / Ayatollah Khamenei:

I hope people are satisfied with their "choice".

Mirhossein Mousavi and his wife did not participate in the presidential elections

Ayatollah Khamenei from leaving the house to the end of voting

So far, the winner of the election is the supreme leader of the revolution

Part of the speech of Mohsen Zanganeh, the representative of the Sharif people of Torbet Heydarieh, Meh Valat and Zaveh, at the Azad Tribune of Torbet Heydarieh elections.

The leader of the Islamic Republic traveled a considerable distance without holding a cane (which is a demonstration of his health and authority) and cast his vote in the ballot box

Start of the third whistle

Faiza Hashemi: I will not vote in the presidential election

Reposting Ayatollah Khamenei's tweet defining "who is the most suitable?" by Mohammad Bagher ghalibaf

The strange story of the opinion polls

Pay closer attention to the final words of Sheikh Mostafa

Ghoochani: The operative can influence the policymaker and participate in policymaking

Zarif and Jalili are different; one produces nothing in negotiations, while the other's result is the JCPOA.
 

Greetings! Sheikh Mostafa is a master of psychological warfare, operating with precise and calculated hints, and he closely observes the post-election landscape

The Powers of the President and the Issue of Hijab

Goochani: There should be a balance of power between the President and the Supreme Leader.

Ayatollah Khamenei: I advise the candidates to make a covenant with God that if they succeed, they should not appoint their officials from those who are even slightly distant from the Revolution

Are reformists continuity-seekers?

Goochani: "Continuity-seeking is a political slogan that lacks the necessary precision for analyzing Iranian history."

Who is the ideal candidate for China and Russia?

Motaharnia: The West desires the victory of Pezeshkian; the East wants figures like Ghalibaf and Jalili to win.

The latest post from Ayatollah Khamenei's account on X: "Every vote in the elections increases the credibility and security of the Islamic Republic"

It is the absolute rule, against the precepts of the Sharia. Not against the people's opinion.

An institution that takes votes from the people cannot exclude the vote of the people. 
The reform government is one of the bright spots in Iran's 100-year-old history. 
Who the president is makes a difference.

The Difference Between Yesterday's and Today's Reformists

Quchani: Our Constitution contains both the theory of Ummah and Imamate and the theory of national sovereignty

I consider the most complete document of Iran's constitutional rights to be the draft constitution. 
The power of leadership has increased over time, moment by moment and bit by bit.

What will the economic conditions be like after the elections?

Motaharnia: In the first 3-4 months, a sense of enthusiasm will emerge, and then we will return to square one.

Quchani: I think if Mr. Khatami had known about the early elections of 1403, he would have participated in the parliamentary elections

The most important element that remains of the republic system is the presidential election. 
The Islamic Republic needs to prove its republic in these elections. 
For the past 45 years, presidential elections have always been an opportunity for the Iranian nation to remain "the nation."

The power pigeons have isolated some presidential candidates and are guiding them!

Morteza Motaharnia:The maximum distinction between the candidates is just ten degrees!

What will the future of Iran be like with a Ghalibaf government?

Motaharnia: With Ghalibaf's election, the power struggle among conservatives will intensify.

We have no plan for happiness; vote for us so that you don't end up in misery

Will the conditions of 2009 be repeated?

Motaharnia: Today’s Iran is by no means the Iran of 2009.

Historical Gaffe or Major Security Error by Saeed Jalili?

What will be the future of Iran with Masood Mezkian?

If doctors want to make big changes, the power mafia will line up in front of him.

The ratio of doctors to reformers

Motahernia: Morally, glimmers of Mir Hossein Mousavi can be seen in doctors.

How can democratic Western governments help us?

Ebadi: As long as our hope relies on other governments, the situation will remain the same.

Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf refers to Ayatollah Khamenei's fatwa that advises against invading the privacy of individuals in cyberspace

The controversial question of Mohammad Taghi Akbarnejad to Ayatollah Khamenei

Akbarnejad: For 45 years, you have kept a large and civilized country waiting over the issue of Palestine.

Akbarnejad: Chanting "Reza Shah, may your soul rest in peace" is a sign of our immaturity

A commentary on part of Dr. Masoud Pezeshkian's statements in the second election debate

Reformists: Shareholders in the power cake or political game?

Purification: Reformers have gone to the theory of despair; They say we want a normal life.